Who does it:
- Retail travel agents in Tier 2/3 cities (Indore, Jaipur, Lucknow, Kochi, Guwahati) run the bulk of Indian tour package business. These are often sole proprietors or firms with 2–10 staff.
- Unorganized freelancers — ex-hotel staff, retired airline employees, school teachers' spouses — sell tours via WhatsApp groups, running the operation from a personal phone.
- Destination management companies (DMCs) in tourist hotspots (Jaipur, Kerala, Goa, Rishikesh, Leh) handle ground logistics for incoming groups. They receive confirmed bookings from agents upstream and execute manually.
- WhatsApp for customer queries, supplier coordination, and payment screenshots. A single family trip to Kerala generates 40–80 WhatsApp messages across 3–4 group chats.
- Google Sheets or Excel for itinerary building, costing, and payment tracking. Agents rebuild itineraries from scratch for every enquiry, even for repeat destinations.
- Phone calls for hotel confirmation, especially in non-standard properties (heritage hotels, Ayurveda centers, adventure camps) that don't appear on OTA extranets.
- Walk-in brokers at railway stations and bus stands in tourist towns who source customers for agents for a ₹100–300 referral cut.
- Physical folders — some agents still print confirmations and keep hard-copy client files.
- Rebuilding itineraries from scratch every enquiry: 45–90 minutes per custom quote. Most enquiries never convert, so this is pure sunk cost.
- Payment reconciliation: customers pay via UPI to personal accounts, agents pay suppliers via separate UPI or bank transfers. Matching who paid what for which trip is manual and error-prone.
- Supplier confirmation calls: a Goa agent calling Taj Holiday Village to check room availability spends 20 minutes on hold and callbacks. Failed confirmations mean re-quoting customers.
- Commission leakage to aggregators: agents who can't access direct hotel rates book through consolidators (like Travstarz, DOTW) and lose 10–18% of margin.
- No CRM: when a customer returns 18 months later for a Bhutan trip, the agent has no history and starts from zero. 30–40% of repeat business is lost because there's no recall system.