Who does it: Backend developers, a designated "API owner" (often the CTO or a senior dev), and sometimes a BD person who manages partner relationships. In companies with 10–50 devs, this is rarely a dedicated role.
The tools in use today:
- WhatsApp groups for key sharing. A partner asks for API access. The API owner sends a key over WhatsApp. The partner saves it in their system. Revocation means a new WhatsApp message. There is no audit trail.
- Google Sheets or Excel for partner tracking. One sheet per environment (staging, prod). Columns: partner name, contact, key prefix, rate limit agreed, billing cycle, whom to invoice. Rows are manually updated. Nobody knows if the sheet matches reality.
- Email threads for key rotation requests. "Can you rotate the key for ACME Corp? They said theirs was exposed on GitHub." Thread gets lost. Key does not get rotated.
- Postman collections shared as downloadable JSON files, with no versioning or change notification.
- Billing: either a flat monthly invoice guessed from usage, or usage is not billed at all and counted as "free tier forever" because renegotiating is too painful.
- On-call: when an API breaks at 2am, the developer on-call finds the partner's key in a spreadsheet, reads logs manually in CloudWatch or a self-hosted ELK stack, and sends a WhatsApp voice note to the partner.
- Developer time: a senior dev at a mid-market Indian SaaS company spends 2–4 hours per week managing API keys, partner onboarding, and rotation requests. At ₹1.5–2.5 lakh per month fully-loaded cost, that is ₹750–2,000 per week per developer in pure overhead.
- Lost revenue: companies with metered APIs do not collect for overages because tracking usage accurately is harder than just waving it off. Finance teams lack the data to push invoices.
- Security incidents: keys shared over WhatsApp get archived on partner phones, in backup chats, in email. One exposed key can mean a weeks-long incident response.
- Partner dropout: partners who cannot self-serve (get a new key, check their usage, download docs) simply stop integrating. The company does not know which partners went dark.