In an Indian SME with 20–200 employees — say, a sheet metal fabrication unit in Manesar, a chemical trader in Ankleshwar, or a packaging unit in Bhiwandi — procurement of industrial goods and raw materials looks like this:
A purchase manager (often the owner or a one-person function) opens WhatsApp and sends the same message to four to six saved contacts: "Need 500 kg MS flat bar 50×6mm, grade IS 2062, delivery by Thursday, Rajkot." Suppliers respond with a rate per kg, minimum order quantity, delivery timeline, and payment terms — all in a mix of text, voice notes, and photos of rate cards. The manager screenshots the best quotes into a WhatsApp chat with the accounts person. Accounts approves. The purchase manager calls the supplier to confirm. A delivery timeline is agreed verbally.
The same manager then chases the supplier three days later on WhatsApp: "Sir, what is the status?" Then again. Then calls.
The full loop — one purchase order for one SKU — consumes 45 to 90 minutes of manager time and involves at minimum two phone calls and six to ten WhatsApp messages. For a factory running 40 active SKUs, that is 30 to 60 hours of pure procurement time per month, done by someone whose actual job is production or sales.
Where money leaks:
- Broker commissions: For commodity materials — steel, aluminium, polymers, chemicals — a broker network sits between buyers and large mills. Brokers take 1.5% to 4% of order value. A ₹10 lakh monthly steel order costs ₹15,000–₹40,000 in broker fees, invisible in the P&L as "logistics" or "handling."
- Price opacity: No buyer knows the landed cost versus the actual mill rate. Suppliers charge a processing fee on top of the LME (London Metal Exchange) rate. A buyer paying ₹72/kg for aluminium when the LME-adjusted mill rate translates to ₹68/kg is losing ₹4/kg without knowing it.
- Working capital lock-up: Suppliers — especially new ones — demand advance or cash on delivery. Repeat buyers get 15-day credit. A ₹5 lakh order at 50% advance means ₹2.5 lakh locked for two weeks.
- Quality disputes post-delivery: Material arrives, inspection happens on the shop floor, and non-conformance is discovered after payment is released. Resolution is a phone call, a threatening WhatsApp, and sometimes no resolution.
- Order drop: The verbal purchase confirmation does not become a purchase order. The supplier "forgets" the colour or gauge. The buyer gets the wrong material. Rework or reorder at cost.