Who does it:
- A small contractor (turnover ₹2–20 Cr) needing steel, cement, sand, or bricks assigns one or two people — often relatives — to call three to eight suppliers to get prices. They WhatsApp photos of price lists. The site supervisor confirms delivery and quality by eye.
- A mid-size builder (₹50–200 Cr) employs a purchase engineer or two. Their day: calls, WhatsApp, Excel sheets tracking rate contracts, delivery schedules, and pending payments.
- A large EPC firm has a proper procurement team but manages 200+ suppliers across states on shared drives and verbal confirmations.
- Phone and WhatsApp for 80%+ of price discovery and order placement
- Excel for rate comparison and payment tracking
- Brokers who call 5–10 known dealers, aggregate quotes, and add 2–5% margin for "arranging" steel or cement
- Credit settled informally — "bill jab aayega" — with no formal payable management
- Price discovery: 3–8 supplier calls per material per order, 2–4 hours per order cycle, done weekly
- Quality variance: Cement brands vary by region and batch; steel has ISI mark but size/grade disputes on delivery require negotiation
- Delivery no-shows: Small contractors lose a full day when a truck doesn't arrive; no real-time tracking
- Broker margin: 2–5% on steel, 3–8% on non-standard materials (sand, brick, aggregate) for information-brokering that a WhatsApp group does just as well
- Payment terms: Informal credit networks mean working capital is locked in relationships, not optimized